Matera is a city unlike any other in Italy—or the world. Located in the remote Basilicata region, it is famous for its 'Sassi', an intricate network of cave dwellings carved directly into the limestone cliffs. Once considered the 'shame of Italy' due to extreme poverty, Matera has undergone a miraculous renaissance to become a UNESCO World Heritage site and a European Capital of Culture.
A City Carved in Stone
Walking through Matera feels like stepping back in time. The city is believed to have been inhabited since the Paleolithic era, making it one of the oldest continuously inhabited settlements on Earth. The Sassi districts—Sasso Caveoso and Sasso Barisano—are a labyrinth of alleys, staircases, and hidden courtyards that reveal breathtaking views at every turn.
Matera Quick Facts
- Best time to visit: May, June, September, and October to avoid the intense summer heat.
- Getting there: Fly into Bari (BRI) and take a 1-hour shuttle bus or train.
- Where to stay: For the full experience, book a 'cave hotel' in the Sassi district.
- Must-try food: Pane di Matera (traditional local bread) and peperoni cruschi (crispy peppers).
Top Things to Do in Matera
1. Sleep in a Cave Hotel
You can't visit Matera without spending the night in a restored cave. Many of the ancient dwellings have been transformed into luxurious boutique hotels. Sleeping under vaulted stone ceilings is a truly unforgettable and atmospheric experience.
2. Explore Casa Noha
To truly appreciate Matera, you must understand its history. Casa Noha, run by the Italian Environment Fund (FAI), offers a deeply moving multimedia exhibit projected onto the walls of a 16th-century house. It tells the story of the city's dark past, the mass evacuations of the 1950s, and its eventual rebirth.
3. Visit the Rupestrian Churches
Hidden within the caves are over 150 'rupestrian' (rock-cut) churches, many featuring beautifully preserved Byzantine frescoes dating back to the 8th century. Santa Maria de Idris, perched dramatically on a rock outcropping, is one of the most spectacular.
Hiking the Murgia National Park
For the most iconic panoramic view of Matera, you need to hike across the ravine into the Murgia Materana Park. A suspension bridge crosses the Gravina river, leading you to ancient caves used by shepherds and breathtaking vantage points that are especially magical at sunset when the city lights up like a nativity scene.
Photography Tip
Matera is incredibly photogenic, but the best light is during the 'blue hour' just after sunset. Head to the Piazza Giovanni Pascoli viewpoint to capture the entire Sassi district glowing warmly against the twilight sky.
James Harrow
Verified ExpertTravel Writer & Expert
Sheraz is a passionate world traveler and the founder of Travel Guides Finder. With years of experience exploring diverse cultures, tasting authentic cuisines, and navigating complex visa requirements, he curates expert guides to help you travel smarter and safer.
